R
 

Rack

A frame carrying film in a processing machine. Ofter used to refer to frame edit alignment in which the projected film remains properly framed on the screen (in rack). (Laboratory)

Rack

An equipment rack. In video, a standard equipment rack is 19 inches (48.26 cm) wide at the front. Most video equipment is designed to fit into a standard rack.

Rack unit (RU)

Unit of measure of vertical space in an equipment rack. One rack unit is equal to 1.75 inches (4.45 cm). The height of a GVG electronics frame is typically specified in rack units.

Ragged left:

Type that is justified to the right margin and the line lengths vary on the left.

Ragged right:

Type that is justified to the left margin and the line lengths vary on the right.

RAM (random access memory)

A temporary, volatile memory into which data can be written or from which data can be read by specifying an address.

Read before write

A feature of some videotape recorders that plays back the video or audio signal off of tape before it reaches the record heads, sends the signal to an external device for modification, and then applies the modified signal to the record heads so that it can be re-recorded onto the tape in its original position.

Real time

Computation or processing done in the present to control physical events occurring in the present. For example, when a digital effects system operator moves a joystick and the video images on the monitor appear to move simultaneously, the computations required to make the images move are said to have occurred in real time.

Ream:

Five hundred sheets of paper.

Record

record -- For DVD or CD, to burn data to a recordable disc.

Recto:

Right-hand page of an open book.

Reduction Printing

The production of a copy of a film which is of a smaller size or gauge than the original (i.e. 35mm to 16mm). This is done of an optical printer. (Laboratory)

Reflective copy:

Copy that is not transparent.

reflective layer

The metal layer on top of the dye that reflects the laser beam back to the reading assembly. This is usually 24K gold in CD-Recordable discs, but Mitsubishi has recently introduced a silver disc as well.

Regional Management

regional management -- The DVD Video anti-piracy mechanism that marks a disc as playable only on players in specific geographical regions of the world. See also content protection.

Register marks:

Cross-hair lines or marks on film, plates, and paper that guide strippers, platemakers, pressmen, and bindery personnel in processing a print order from start to finish.

Register:

To position print in the proper position in relation to the edge of the sheet and to other printing on the same sheet.

Relational Editing

Editing of shots for the purposes of comparison or for the contrast of content. (Film Editing)

Relay

An electromechanical device having electrical contacts that open or close when current is applied to the activating mechanism of the device.

Release

The general distribution of a film for public exhibition.

Release negative

A duplicate negative from which release prints are made. (Film Editing)

Replication

replication -- To manufacture DVD (and CD) discs in large quantities in a dedicated factory. Also includes mastering. See also duplication, premastering.

Re-recording

The process of mixing all edited music, effects and dialog tracks of a film or video production to mono, stereo, multichannel or whatever audio format is desired for the final print master.

Reset

To restore a device to its default or original state. To restore a counter or logic device to a known state, often a zero output.

Resistive load

A load in which the voltage is in phase with the current.

Resistor

A component made of a material (such as carbon) that has a specified resistance or opposition to the flow of electrical current.

Resolution

The resolution is the frequency of scan lines, specified as dots per inch (dpi) or centimetre (dpc), used to break an image down into digital information to be stored and rendered by a computer.

Resolving

The process of regulating tape speed by comparing a reference signal on the tape with an external reference and adjusting the speed so that they match.

Return Key

Return key -- A dedicated key on DVD Remote Controls that is typically used to return back to the most recent menu from which the current menu was accessed. The action of this key is defined by the DVD author. See also Menu key, Title key.

Return loss

A measure of the accuracy of the impedance match between a signal source (such as a cable) and its terminating load. An unequal impedance match causes some of the power from the source to be reflected back to the source, resulting in signal distortion. The ratio of the signal voltage at the load to that voltage reflected back to the source is defined as the return loss. This ratio is generally expressed in decibels (dB).

Reverberation

The presence or persistence of sound due to repeated reflections.

Reversal film

A film that is manufactured and processed in such a way as to produce a positive image after exposure. (Film Editing)

Reversal Intermediate

A second generation duplicate which is reversed to make it the same type, negative or positive, as the original. It is used for printing in order to protect the original. (Film Editing)

Reversal Original

A reversal film designed to be exposed in a camera. (Film Editing)

Reverse Action

An optical effect in which the action appears backwards from its chronological sequence. (Laboratory)

Reverse Angle

A shot that is turned approximately 180 degrees in relation to the preceding shot. (Cinematography)

Reverse:

The opposite of what you see. Printing the background of an image. For example; type your name on a piece of paper. The reverse of this would be a black piece of paper with a white name.

RF

Radio frequency.

RFI

Radio frequency interference. Spurious electromagnetic energy that interferes with electronic equipment or broadcast signals.

RG59

A coaxial cable type often used in television.

RGB

Red, Green and Blue are the are the three primary colours for transmissive colour. Colours created from light, in monitors and scanners, are made up of proportions of these three colours.

RGB (red, green, & blue, GRB)

The three primary colors used in video processing, often referring to the three unencoded outputs of a color camera or VTR.

Ribbon cable

Flat cable with multiple parallel conductors that have been individually insulated.

Rim

A hard backlight, is generally on the same level as the subject, that casts more light than the key light. (Lighting)

RIP

rip -- To extract data from a removable disc. Typically, to copy songs from a prerecorded CD-Audio disc to hard disc in order to organize a collection, and play and burn personalized playlists.

RIP

The Raster Image Processor (RIP) is a device that converts the PostScript information received from a Macintosh or PC into information required by the output device to expose the image onto paper, film or plates.

Rip film:

A method of making printing negatives from PostScript files created by desktop publishing.

Rise time

Time required for a pulse edge to rise from 10% to 90% of the final value.

RMS

Root mean square. A measure of effective (as opposed to peak) voltage of an AC waveform. For a sine wave, it is .707 times the peak voltage. For any periodic waveform, it is the square root of the average of the squares of the values through one cycle.

RMS (root-mean-square)

Effective sound pressure. (Acoustics)

Room Tone

The "noise" of a room, set or location where dialog is recorded during Production. Used by film and dialog editors as a "bed" to form a continuous tone through a particular scene. This is often confused with ambience, which might be sound effects and/or reverberation added when the dialog is mixed.

Rough cut

A preliminary trial stage in the process of editing a film. Shots are laid out in approximate relationship to an end product without detailed attention to the individual cutting points. (Film Editing)

Routing switcher

An electronic device that routes a user-supplied signal (audio, video, etc.) from any input to any user-selected output. Inputs are called sources. Outputs are called destinations.

RP-125

A SMPTE parallel component digital video standard.

RS-170A

A document prepared by the Electronics Industries Association describing recommended practices for NTSC color television signals in the United States.

RS-232

A standard, single-ended (unbalanced) interconnection scheme for serial data communications.

RS-250B

In telecommunications, a transmission specification for NTSC video and audio.

RS-422

A standard, balanced interconnection scheme for serial data communications.

RU

Abbreviation of rack unit.

Run of the Picture

A cast member whose work may be required any of the days scheduled for principal photography without incurring liability for additional compensation.

Rushes

This refers to daily prints of a film used for evaluation purposes. (Laboratory)

R-Y

A designator used to name one of the color signals (red minus luminance) of a color difference video signal. The formula for deriving R-Y from the red, green, and blue component video signals is .70R - .59G - .11B.

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